Scheduled Tribes of Himachal Pradesh In English
|| Scheduled Tribes of Himachal Pradesh|| Scheduled Tribes of HP In English|| ST of Himachal Pradesh||
Tribes of Himachal Pradesh reside in different parts of this state, which is 0.4% of the total population of the country. The tribal
communities inhabiting various parts of Himachal are cohesive and by their
culture and tradition they have marked their position in the Indian
subcontinent.
People from various tribes of Himachal Pradesh used to
trade cattle, cattle, sheep and wool from the initiative itself. Due to
lack of education, these people used to live in jungles and small towns, they
are nomadic by nature and their customs and social structure makes them
recognizable to each other. But education was promoted with the passage of
time, today the literacy rate
of ST population in the state has increased to 73.6%.
The tribes of Himachal Pradesh belong to the famous
Indo-Aryan family group. The major tribes of the region include the
Kinnaur tribe, the Lahaul tribe, the Gaddi tribe and the Gurjar tribe.
According to the 2011 census, various tribes of Himachal
Pradesh-
1. Bhot or Bhutiya tribe:-The Bhotias or Bhotas are groups of ethnically related Tibetans living in the Transhimalayan region of the SAARC countries. The word Bhotia comes from the classical Tibetan name for Tibet, Bod. The Bhotias, tribesmen are of Mongoloid facial features, they belong to the original (indigenous) Himalayan belt. They are found in Lahaul and Spiti district, mainly in the Bhaga and Chandra valleys.
Language:
Language: Bhotia
speaks several languages, among which such language has
Indian recognition, Bhoti / Bhotia is the Tibetan script and it is one of the
official languages in the Parliament of India through the Eighth Schedule to
the Indian Constitution.
Food : Rice, large size bread, patoda,
jo-wheat sattu, lentils, vegetables and meat are their main food. They
also keep the meat dry for the winter.
Wedding: Bhotia marriages are similar
to Hindu weddings. When the bride's palanquin reaches her husband's house,
the gods are worshiped and then she is allowed to enter the house. The
bride holds rice, silver or gold in her hands, which she hands over to the
bride.
Economy: They are also traders of
products like grains, wool and salt in the Himalayas. Now, some are
farmers and others are merchants of stones, gems and herbs.
2. Gaddi
Tribe:
The people of the Gaddi tribes are mainly found on both
sides of the Dhauladhar Range of the state of Himachal Pradesh. A large
number of Gaddi tribes reside mainly in the Brahmaur region of Chamba district,
in the high areas of the Ravi River and also in the valleys of the Budhil
River. Other areas include Kangra district, which is mainly in villages
close to Parrot Rani, Khaniara, Dharamshala.
It is believed that the Gaddi tribes came down from the
migrants who took refuge in the flat land of Indian territory. Most of the
Gaddi tribals are worshipers
of Lord Shiva.
Language
(Language): Most
people of the Gaddi tribe speak the Gaddi language. Under the influence of
modern culture, Gaddi tribal people also speak Hindi language.
3. Gujjar Tribe:
The
Gurjar tribes usually
reside in Himachal Pradesh and are considered descendants of
the 'Khajar tribe' . 'Gurjar'
is a derivative of the word 'Khajar'. Its population is about 0.93 lakhs and
about 23.6% of the state is ST. Gujjars the Gujjars or Gujjar is also known by the
name of.
Although the proper origin of the Gurjar tribes is not
known, it is said that the Gurjar dynasty settled in northern India and
Himachal Pradesh at the time of the invasion by the Hunas.
Language:
The Gurjar
tribal community uses the beautiful language of Gujari, also
known as Gojri . This
Gujari language belongs to the famous Rajasthani language group.
Economy: Most of the people of this
Gurjar tribal community followed animals like sheep, goat and buffalo.
|| Scheduled Tribes of Himachal Pradesh|| Scheduled Tribes of HP In English|| ST of Himachal Pradesh||
4.Slave tribe (Dasas Tribe ):
During the pre-Vedic period, the inhabitants of the
Shivalik hills were the powerful chiefs of the Chamuri, Dhuni, Piparu, and Sushna slaves. The slaves
were accepted into Arya virtues due to the continuous efforts of sage
Vishwamitra and sage Bharadwaja.
5.
Kinnaura Tribe:
Kinaura tribes are scheduled tribes of the state of
Himachal Pradesh and are of Mongol origin. This tribe is also known as Kinnar.
In the Western Himalayas, this Kinaura tribal community is
found in the BSP or Sangla Valley , which is situated at the height of Kinnaur district . Other areas
where these Kinaura tribes are located include Batesari, Rakcham and Chitkul.
According to some scholars, the people of the Kinaura
tribal community are
descendants of the eunuchs of the Mahabharata. Another
group believes that Kirat is the
ancestor of
this tribal group. The
family structure of the Kinaura tribes is a joint family and marriages
occur in this tribal group. During special occasions and festivals, they
consume a special type of drink, known as ' Anguri '.
Economy: The main occupation of the
Kinaura tribes is wool harvesting and sheep raising, but some people are also
engaged in horticulture and agriculture.
Dress: Men ,
the costumes of the Kinnaura tribe include a long coat or bangle and woolen pajamas known
as Chamu or Sutan . Women wear a kind
of woolen sari called dhoru . They wear goat
hair and shoes made of wool and hat called bushhri .
6.Pangwala:
The Pangwalas are a tribal community in the
Pangi Valley of Chamba district in
Himachal Pradesh . According to the census of India, the areas
of Kuppa, Pasams, Tamoh and Malet villages were difficult areas, but in 1961
the authorities considered it the best place to send offenders who were
sentenced to life imprisonment. The culprits are believed to have settled
here permanently.
7. Lahaul Tribe:
The Lahaul tribe of Himachal Pradesh is of mixed origin. These
tribal people are said to have originated from the tribal Munda tribe and Tibetans . Most of
these Lahaul tribal communities live in many areas like Lahaul Valley, Pattan,
Chamba-Lahaul and Lower Mayer valleys.
Language
(Language): Manchati, Manchad, Patni, Chamba, Chamba Lahuli,
Swangala, Changspa Boli are some alternate names in their
language. Apart from these, there are some dialects of this language,
which are also prevalent among Lahaul tribal groups.
These people like to wear colorful dress and jewelry which
is a major part of their costumes. That the culture and tradition of this
Lahaul tribal community is quite outstanding, shows the fact that it has a
plethora of dance forms, music, fairs and festivals.
8.
Swangla:
Swangla, District Lahaul - is a Scheduled Tribe
living in Pattan Valley on the
banks of the Chandra Bhaga River in Spiti . They are Rajputs
and Brahmins. The languages spoken by him are Manakhand (a mixture of
Tibetan and Hindi), Chinnali (spoken by Sipi and Lohar), Bhoti (spoken by
Tibetan), and Tinan or Tinant (spoken by the people of the Sisu region).
The local drink
consumed by men is called chhang .
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